Full Length Research Paper

Antibacterial susceptibilty and Drug resistant pattern of Salmonella sero-groups from Pediatric out-patients at two Health centers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Akyala Ishaku A., Tanimu Habibu, Ashefo Daniel, Manasseh Katsa and Haruna Yakubu¹

Abstract

Salmonellosis is a major health problem, especially among children in developing countries. Moreover, Salmonellae are becoming resistant to commonly used antimicrobials in most parts of the world. Investigation on the Salmonella has been very limited in Nasarawa State and such study lacks in Lafia The aim of this studywas to determine the prevalence of salmonella sero-groups and resistance pattern of the isolates to commonly usedantibiotics in Nasarawa State. The study was conducted from Jan to Feb 2013. Diarrhoeal stool specimens were collected from 384 pediatric diarrhoeal out-patients (age < 14 years) using transport medium from Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital and Federal Medical Center Keffi. Isolation and characterization were performed according to standard methodology. Fifty nine Salmonella strains were isolated, of which serogroup A comprised 8.5%, B 28.8%, C 22%, D 13.6%, E 5.1% and S.typhi 22%. Among the isolates, 59.3% were resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin, 47.5% to cephalothin, 40.7% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 35.6% to chloramphenicol, and less than 25.4% were resistant to other drugs. Among S.typhi isolates, 30.8% were resistant to chloramphenicol and this shows the emergence of chloramphenicol resistant S.typhi strains in Lafia. Gentamicin, polymyxin B and nalidixic acid were found to be active against isolates of salmonella species includingS. typhi.

Key words: Diarrhoea, Salmonella, Serogroup, Antibiotic resistance, Pediatrics, out-Patient.

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